Inderal Dosage
Propranolol is a beta-blocker sold under the brand names Bedranol and Inderal. While it is often prescribed for conditions such as high-blood pressure, angina and irregular heartbeats, this scientific review will analyze studies on its effects in treating anxiety, the side effects and reported dosages.The beta-blocker works by blocking the action of organic chemicals, such as epinephrine.
2019-10-15 Inderal dosage for hypertension, high blood pressure The usual starting dose is 40 milligrams 2 times a day. This dose may be in combination with a diuretic. Dosages above 80 mg a day increase the risk for side effects. When used for the treatment of high blood pressure, Inderal is effective alone or combined with other high blood pressure. Inderal Dosage for Angina To improve angina symptoms, the recommended dosage is anywhere from 80 mg to 320 mg of Inderal daily. This amount is taken as smaller doses two, three, or four times a day, based on your healthcare provider's recommendation.
Therefore, propranolol has been explored as an off-label treatment for epinephrine-induced anxiety attacks or panic attacks. This review of propranolol for anxiety disorders will look at studies that include panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, social anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Propranolol Versus BenzodiazepineA study in T he Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 212 patients were given propranolol, a benzodiazepine or a placebo. The study found that patients in the trial reported an improvement in anxiety based on the clinical scales when taking propranolol and the benzodiazepine.
In the second week, propranolol was better than placebo based on two clinical scales used to measure anxiety.The side effects of the beta blocker reported in the study were drowsiness and indigestion. Drowsiness was a side effect found in both drugs. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) was the benzodiazepine used in the study and the subjects experience a change in sexual desire more frequently with this medication. Treatment of Specific PhobiasA study published in Clinical Pediatrics that a 40-milligram dose of the beta blocker improves test (exam) anxiety when taking one hour before. The researchers found that the students, who were prone to this form of anxiety performed better when the test was retaken with the medication.The peer-reviewed Journal of Psychopharmacology also notes that the drug is effective in treating milder forms of anxiety, such as stage fright and performance anxiety in musicians and surgeons, who may experience shaky hands as a symptom of stress. Propranolol for Social AnxietyIn a study, sixteen patients underwent a one-month social training program to help combat social anxiety.
The process was conducted by volunteers who were not therapists and the treatment involved a workshop and rehearsals of social interactions in a real-life setting.According to The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, the patients subsequently given either a placebo or propranolol. Their general social anxiety, self-image and overall tension in social situations were measured one month prior to treatment and immediately after.After a month of treatment both the patients who took a placebo or propranolol experienced significant improvements in their social phobias. Therefore, the medication has no significant effect in treating anxiety because the placebo effect garnered the same results. The study determined that both clinical and real-life behavioral therapy was an effective treatment for social phobias.It is also worth noting that this study did not take into account the physical symptoms that some sufferers of social anxiety may experience, such as sweating, stuttering and shaking.
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Some evidence suggests that the medication could help reduce these symptoms. Propranolol: An Additional Treatment For Posttraumatic Stress DisorderPTSD is a form of anxiety where sufferers relive traumatic events through nightmares or replay the distressing event in their memories.Dr. Alain Brunet and colleagues published a study in the European Journal of Psychotraumatology on the effects of the beta-blocker in treating symptoms of PTSD in 33 patients with the condition. Under controlled conditions, a brief trauma reactivation under the influence of propranolol help reduce symptoms of PTSD.The medication also helped reduce the mental and physical symptoms during a trauma-related script-driven imagery scale, which is a tool used to provoke symptoms and measure the state of PTSD. The treatment was more effective in women than men and age did not play a factor.The researchers stated that the effectiveness of the medication was likely based on propranolol blocking memory reconsolidation. The results of the study were from an open trial; therefore, a randomized trial is required for more definitive results.Memory reconsolidation is when a previously consolidated memory, such as a traumatic event, is being recalled, strengthen or altered. In people with PTSD, this can cause anxiety, sleeplessness and a range of physiological symptoms when the memory is triggered.A randomized and double-blind study published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research further detailed the beta-blockers effect as a for PTSD. Patients took 40 milligrams of a short-acting version of oral propranolol given before exposure therapy. With a follow-up dosage of 60 milligrams of modified-release oral propranolol, patients experienced a reduction in physiological symptoms during exposure therapy a week later.Despite these promising results, there is no concrete evidence that the medication helps reduce PTSD symptoms via blocking memory reconsolidation.Propranolol may be effective in treating in PTSD when used in combination with psychotherapy.
Propranolol Effects On Panic Attacks With Or Without AgoraphobiaBenzodiazepines, such as Xanax and Valium, are considered first-line pharmaceutical treatment for panic disorders. However, some studies show that propranolol is just as effective in treating panic disorders while others garnered mixed results.A scientific study in the Archives of General Psychiatry compared the effects of diazepam (valium) and propranolol in 21 subjects with panic disorder and agoraphobia. The patients took either medication in a double-blind trial. The study found that diazepam was more effective in all factors observed. Researchers observed that 18 of the 21 patients showed moderate improvements while only seven had similar benefits on propranolol.Another study in the Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology the beta blocker with Xanax.
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Beta blockers can be helpful in the treatment of the physical symptoms of anxiety, especially social anxiety. Physicians prescribe them to control rapid heartbeat, shaking, trembling, and blushing in anxious situations for several hours.Possible Benefits.
Very safe for most patients. Few side effects. Not habit-forming.Possible Disadvantages.
Often social anxiety symptoms are so strong that beta blockers, while helpful, cannot reduce enough of the symptoms to provide relief. Because they can lower blood pressure and slow heart rate, people diagnosed with low blood pressure or heart conditions may not be able to take them. Not recommended for patients with asthma or any other respiratory illness that causes wheezing, or for patients with diabetes. Propranolol (Inderal)Possible Benefits. Used for short-term relief of social anxiety. May reduce some peripheral symptoms of anxiety, such as tachycardia and sweating, and general tension, can help control symptoms of stage fright and public-speaking fears, has few side effects.Possible Disadvantages.
Consult your physician before taking while pregnant or while breast-feeding. If taking daily, do not stop this drug abruptly.Restrictions On Use. Do not take propranolol if you suffer from chronic lung disease, asthma, diabetes, and certain heart diseases, or if you are severely depressed.Possible Side Effects. Taken occasionally, propranolol has almost no side effects. Some people may feel a little light-headed, sleepy, short-term memory loss, unusually slow pulse, lethargy, insomnia, diarrhea, cold hands and feet, numbness and/or tingling of fingers and toes.Dosages Recommended By Investigators.
You can take a 20 to 40 mg dose of propranolol as needed about one hour before a stressful situation. If necessary, you can also combine it with imipramine or alprazolam without adverse effects. Atenolol (Tenormin)Possible Benefits.
Used for social anxiety. Atenolol is longer acting than propranolol and generally has fewer side effects.
It has less of a tendency to produce wheezing than other beta blockers. Once-a-day dosing is convenient.Possible Disadvantages. If taken daily, abrupt withdrawal can cause very high blood pressure. Use alcohol with caution, since alcohol can increase the sedative effect and exaggerate this drug's ability to lower blood pressure.Possible Side Effects. Cold extremities, dizziness and tiredness. Less frequent is a decrease in heart rate below fifty beats per minute, depression, and nightmares.Dosages Recommended by Investigators.
One 50 mg tablet a day for the first week. If there is no response, increase to two 50 mg tablets, taken together or divided. After two weeks of 100 mg the patient should notice a marked decrease in the racing heart, trembling, blushing, and/or sweating in social situations.